React 18 Enzyme 迁移至 React Testing Library

作者原文

Provides exact Enzyme → React Testing Library migration patterns for React 18 upgrades. Use this skill whenever Enzyme tests need to be rewritten - shallow, mount, wrapper.find(), wrapper.simulate(), wrapper.prop(), wrapper.state(), wrapper.instance(), Enzyme configure/Adapter calls, or any test file that imports from enzyme. This skill covers the full API mapping and the philosophy shift from implementation testing to behavior testing. Always read this skill before rewriting Enzyme tests - do not translate Enzyme APIs 1:1, that produces brittle RTL tests.

SkillPi 解读

能完成的任务

围绕渲染结果、可访问性查询、用户交互及 Provider 包装，重写 Enzyme shallow/mount 和 wrapper 断言。

适合谁

在 React 18 升级中维护 Enzyme 测试的开发者。

输入和输出

输入现有 Enzyme 测试文件及组件行为；输出使用 render、screen 和交互的 RTL 测试，把内部状态或实例检查改为可见结果断言。

软件、账号及付费要求

需要 React 测试项目、@testing-library/react 和 @testing-library/user-event；依赖 Provider 的组件需相应包装或项目 customRender。原文未规定付费服务。 使用时由宿主核对并授权实际文件读写和外部服务。文档引用域名（非运行白名单）：未列出 HTTP(S) 域名。

限制与区别

配套参考文件已核对固定版本及静态安全证据；命令效果、依赖兼容性和迁移结果仍未运行验证，须在实际项目中测试。

实测状态

未测试

安全评级与访问范围

caution · 静态证据核验，不代表运行安全保证。

需要 React 测试项目、@testing-library/react 和 @testing-library/user-event；依赖 Provider 的组件需相应包装或项目 customRender。原文未规定付费服务。 使用时由宿主核对并授权实际文件读写和外部服务。文档引用域名（非运行白名单）：未列出 HTTP(S) 域名。

使用前请由宿主核对并授权实际文件读写、外部服务和联网目的地；本站的核验不会授予任何运行权限。

原始 SKILL.md

---
name: react18-enzyme-to-rtl
description: 'Provides exact Enzyme → React Testing Library migration patterns for React 18 upgrades. Use this skill whenever Enzyme tests need to be rewritten - shallow, mount, wrapper.find(), wrapper.simulate(), wrapper.prop(), wrapper.state(), wrapper.instance(), Enzyme configure/Adapter calls, or any test file that imports from enzyme. This skill covers the full API mapping and the philosophy shift from implementation testing to behavior testing. Always read this skill before rewriting Enzyme tests - do not translate Enzyme APIs 1:1, that produces brittle RTL tests.'
---

# React 18 Enzyme → RTL Migration

Enzyme has no React 18 adapter and no React 18 support path. All Enzyme tests must be rewritten using React Testing Library.

## The Philosophy Shift (Read This First)

Enzyme tests implementation. RTL tests behavior.

```jsx
// Enzyme: tests that the component has the right internal state
expect(wrapper.state('count')).toBe(3);
expect(wrapper.instance().handleClick).toBeDefined();
expect(wrapper.find('Button').prop('disabled')).toBe(true);

// RTL: tests what the user actually sees and can do
expect(screen.getByText('Count: 3')).toBeInTheDocument();
expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /submit/i })).toBeDisabled();
```

This is not a 1:1 translation. Enzyme tests that verify internal state or instance methods don't have RTL equivalents - because RTL intentionally doesn't expose internals. **Rewrite the test to assert the visible outcome instead.**

## API Map

For complete before/after code for each Enzyme API, read:
- **`references/enzyme-api-map.md`** - full mapping: shallow, mount, find, simulate, prop, state, instance, configure
- **`references/async-patterns.md`** - waitFor, findBy, act(), Apollo MockedProvider, loading states, error states

## Core Rewrite Template

```jsx
// Every Enzyme test rewrites to this shape:
import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event';
import MyComponent from './MyComponent';

describe('MyComponent', () => {
  it('does the thing', async () => {
    // 1. Render (replaces shallow/mount)
    render(<MyComponent prop="value" />);

    // 2. Query (replaces wrapper.find())
    const button = screen.getByRole('button', { name: /submit/i });

    // 3. Interact (replaces simulate())
    await userEvent.setup().click(button);

    // 4. Assert on visible output (replaces wrapper.state() / wrapper.prop())
    expect(screen.getByText('Submitted!')).toBeInTheDocument();
  });
});
```

## RTL Query Priority (use in this order)

1. `getByRole` - matches accessible roles (button, textbox, heading, checkbox, etc.)
2. `getByLabelText` - form fields linked to labels
3. `getByPlaceholderText` - input placeholders
4. `getByText` - visible text content
5. `getByDisplayValue` - current value of input/select/textarea
6. `getByAltText` - image alt text
7. `getByTitle` - title attribute
8. `getByTestId` - `data-testid` attribute (last resort)

Prefer `getByRole` over `getByTestId`. It tests accessibility too.

## Wrapping with Providers

```jsx
// Enzyme with context:
const wrapper = mount(
  <ApolloProvider client={client}>
    <ThemeProvider theme={theme}>
      <MyComponent />
    </ThemeProvider>
  </ApolloProvider>
);

// RTL equivalent (use your project's customRender or wrap inline):
import { render } from '@testing-library/react';
render(
  <MockedProvider mocks={mocks} addTypename={false}>
    <ThemeProvider theme={theme}>
      <MyComponent />
    </ThemeProvider>
  </MockedProvider>
);
// Or use the project's customRender helper if it wraps providers
```

版权与许可声明

MIT License

Copyright GitHub, Inc.

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